Hypertensive kidney disease (HKD) is believed to be a cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in a significant number of patients living in America. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis or HKD is a vague diagnosis used especially when a patient does not have diabetes, is non-nephrotic, has no renal biopsy and is noted to have irreversible advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) ... Continue Reading
Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease: An Inevitable Coexistence?
By Charmaine Emelife, MD